Darslar 15–16 · 2 ta dars · N. I. Taylaqov (umumiy muharrir), A. B. Axmedov, M. D. Pardayeva, A. A. Abdug‘aniyev, U. M. Mirsanov. Informatika va axborot texnologiyalari, 10-sinf, 1-nashr. «Extremum-Press», Toshkent, 2017
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Statistik funksiyalar
Darslik: 37–39-betlar
MaqsadMAX, MIN, AVERAGE, MEDIAN, COUNT, COUNTIF va GEOMEAN statistik funksiyalarini ikki usulda kiritadi va ma’lumotlar to‘plamini tavsiflaydi.
Yangi so‘zlar
o‘rtacha arifmetik · arithmetic mean (AVERAGE): the sum of the values divided by their numbermediana · median (MEDIAN): the middle value of the sorted data, or the mean of the two middle oneso‘rtacha geometrik · geometric mean (GEOMEAN): the nth root of the product of n positive numbersshartli sanash · COUNTIF: counts the cells that meet a condition
Tushuntirish
Statistik funksiyalar sonlar to‘plamini bitta qiymat bilan tavsiflaydi. MAX(diapazon) eng kattasini, MIN(diapazon) eng kichigini, AVERAGE(diapazon) o‘rtacha arifmetikni, MEDIAN(diapazon) o‘rtadagi qiymatni topadi. COUNT sonli kataklar sonini sanaydi, COUNTIF(diapazon, shart) esa shartga javob bergan kataklarni, masalan =COUNTIF(A1:A6,">80"). GEOMEAN(son1, son2, …) n ta musbat sonning ko‘paytmasidan n-darajali ildiz oladi: GEOMEAN(4,16) = 8. Funksiyani ikki usulda kiritish mumkin: katakka to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri yozish (nomning birinchi harflarini yozganda Excel takliflar ro‘yxatini ko‘rsatadi) yoki fx tugmasi orqali Statistical toifasidan tanlash. Ma’lumotlarda juda katta yoki kichik chetki qiymat bo‘lsa, o‘rtacha arifmetik buziladi, mediana esa deyarli o‘zgarmaydi: 3, 4, 5 va 100 uchun o‘rtacha 28, mediana esa 4,5.
Namunalar
Ballar A1:A6 da: 72, 85, 91, 64, 85, 78. MAX = 91, MIN = 64, AVERAGE = 475/6 ≈ 79,17. MEDIAN: tartiblangan qator 64, 72, 78, 85, 85, 91; o‘rtadagi ikkita 78 va 85, mediana (78 + 85)/2 = 81,5. =COUNTIF(A1:A6,">80") = 3 (85, 91, 85).
Ballar oralig‘i (eng katta va eng kichik farqi): =MAX(A1:A6)-MIN(A1:A6) = 91 – 64 = 27. O‘rtacha geometrik: =GEOMEAN(2,8): 2·8 = 16, √16 = 4. Kvadrat ildiz ikki son uchun, chunki n = 2.
Sinfda faoliyat
«Statistik detektiv»: o‘qituvchi 8 ta sonni (hech kimning shaxsiy ma’lumoti emas) yashiradi va faqat MAX, MIN, AVERAGE va MEDIAN natijalarini aytadi; guruhlar shu ma’lumotlarga mos to‘plam o‘ylab topadi.