63
Interrogative and exclamatory particles
Textbook: p. 113
GoalKnow interrogative and exclamatory particles (-mi, -chi, -a/-ya) and their spelling.
New words
interrogative particle · so‘roq yuklamasisurprise · taajjubquestion particle · -miand what about · -chi
Explanation
Interrogative particles give a sentence the meaning of a question or a surprised question: -mi, -chi, -a (-ya). The most common is -mi; it forms an ordinary question: Uy vazifasini bajardingmi? (Did you do your homework?) -chi shifts the previous question to another person or thing, and sometimes expresses a request: Men tayyorman, sen-chi? (I am ready, and you?); Ayt-chi (Tell me, then). -a (-ya) shows asking with surprise or expecting agreement: Ulgurding-a? (You made it in time, did you?) In spelling, -mi is joined to the word, while -chi and -a (-ya) are separated from the word by a hyphen: keldingmi, sen-chi, bilasan-a.
Worked examples
Bu kitobni o‘qidingmi? Men o‘qidim, sen-chi? (Have you read this book? I did, and you?) — -mi joined, -chi with a hyphen.
Yana yomg‘ir yog‘yapti-ya! (It is raining again, isn't it!) — surprise.
Class activity
Particle dialogues: in pairs make 4 mini-dialogues with the particles -mi, -chi, -a (-ya).
Practice
1
List the interrogative-exclamatory particles.
-mi, -chi, -a (-ya).
2
How is -mi written in “Sen keldingmi”?
Joined to the word.
3
Correct: Men tayyorman sen mi.
Men tayyorman, sen-chi?
4
Why are -chi and -a hyphenated while -mi is joined?
This is the spelling rule: -mi is joined, the other interrogative particles are separated by a hyphen.