71
Imitative words
Textbook: pp. 126–127
GoalGet to know imitative words; tell sound-imitating and state-imitating words apart.
New words
imitative word · taqlid so‘zimitation of sound · tovushga taqlidimitation of state · holatga taqlidsound, voice · ovoz
Explanation
Imitative words “copy” in words the various sounds of nature or the look and state of motion of things. Depending on what they imitate, they are of two kinds. Sound-imitating words give a sound heard by the ear: vov-vov (a dog), chiq-chiq (a clock), biqir-biqir (boiling water). State-imitating words describe a state or movement seen by the eye: milt-milt (a distant light twinkling), dir-dir (trembling), lim-lim (a vessel full to the brim). Imitative words make a picture lively, so they are common in fiction and fairy tales.
Worked examples
Soat chiq-chiq qiladi (The clock goes tick-tock) — sound imitation; yulduzlar milt-milt yonadi (the stars twinkle) — state imitation.
Barglar shitir-shitir qildi (The leaves rustled), qozon biqir-biqir qaynadi (the pot bubbled) — sound imitation.
Class activity
Sound theatre: pupils perform sound-imitating words aloud and others guess what is imitated.
Practice
1
What are imitative words?
Words that imitate the sound and state of things.
2
How many kinds of imitative words are there, depending on what?
Two: sound-imitating and state-imitating.
3
Classify the imitative words in “dir-dir titradi” and “vov-vov qildi”.
Dir-dir — state imitation; vov-vov — sound imitation.
4
Why are imitative words much used in descriptive speech?
Because they present sounds and states vividly, making them appear before the eyes.