1
Language and speech
Textbook: pp. 3–4
GoalTell language from speech and understand why Uzbek is both the state language and our mother tongue.
New words
language · tilspeech · nutqstate language · davlat tilimother tongue · ona tili
Explanation
Language is the most important means of communication by which people exchange thoughts. It consists of words and the rules for joining them, and it forms in a society over many years. Speech is language in actual use: when we talk or write, language turns into speech. Speech is spoken or written. Uzbek is called our mother tongue because we learn it in the family, from lullabies and talk with those close to us. On 21 October 1989 Uzbek was given the status of the state language, so it is used in state offices, at school and at official meetings.
Worked examples
The dictionary, rules and sound system make up language; your answer in today's lesson is speech.
A tale your grandfather tells is spoken speech; a letter you write is written speech.
Class activity
“Language or speech” game: the teacher names examples (dictionary, a spoken sentence, a written note, a rule) and you answer “til” or “nutq”.
Practice
1
What is language?
A means of communication that people use to exchange thoughts.
2
What is the difference between language and speech?
Language is the system of words and rules; speech is its use in talking or writing.
3
Which of these is written speech: a holiday greeting card, a talk in the yard, a radio talk?
The holiday greeting card.
4
Why do we call Uzbek our mother tongue?
Because we learn it from childhood in the family and in talk with those close to us.