30
Case forms
Textbook: pp. 54–56
GoalKnow the function of case forms, the six cases and the notion of declension (turlanish).
New words
case · kelishikdeclension · turlanishhead word · hokim so‘zdependent word · tobe so‘z
Explanation
Case suffixes are grammatical means that connect a noun, pronoun or nominalized word to another word in the sentence. Such a suffix is always on the subordinate, i.e. dependent, word: in “xatni yozdim” (I wrote the letter) the dependent word is “xatni” and the head word is “yozdim”. Uzbek has six cases: nominative (no suffix), genitive (-ning), accusative (-ni), dative (-ga, -ka, -qa), locative (-da) and ablative (-dan). Each case has its own name, suffix and question. The changing of a nominal in person and number with possessive suffixes and with case suffixes is called declension (turlanish).
Worked examples
Kitob, kitobning, kitobni, kitobga, kitobda, kitobdan — the declension of “kitob”.
Daftarni olib keldim (I brought the notebook): “daftarni” is accusative, a dependent word; “olib keldim” is the head.
Class activity
“Case staircase”: write one word (e.g. daryo) in all six cases in turn and make a short sentence for each.
Practice
1
How many cases does Uzbek have? Name them.
Six: nominative, genitive, accusative, dative, locative, ablative.
2
Write “maktab” in the six cases.
Maktab, maktabning, maktabni, maktabga, maktabda, maktabdan.
3
Find the case-form words in “Bog‘da gul ekdim”.
Bog‘da — locative; gul — nominative.
4
Why is a case suffix always added to the dependent word?
Because the case links the dependent word to the head word.