41
Pure postpositions
Textbook: pp. 77–78
GoalKnow pure postpositions and tell them apart.
New words
pure postposition · sof ko‘makchito subordinate · tobelantirmoqowing to · tufayliabout · haqida
Explanation
Pure postpositions are words that have completely lost their original naming meaning and are now used only as postpositions. Their only job is to link the word before them to another word as a dependent. This group includes bilan, uchun, kabi, singari, sari, sayin, qadar, uzra, tufayli, haqida. Such a word cannot be used as an independent word in a sentence. A pure postposition answers one question together with the preceding word: tog‘ uzra (over the mountain — over what?), kecha haqida (about the night — about what?).
Worked examples
Kitob haqida gaplashdik (We talked about the book) — “haqida” is a pure postposition showing the topic.
Kun sayin havo isiyapti (The weather is getting warmer day by day) — “sayin”: with each day.
Class activity
Postposition table: write the pure postpositions and make a sentence with each.
Practice
1
List the pure postpositions.
Bilan, sari, sayin, uchun, kabi, qadar, singari, uzra, tufayli, haqida.
2
What meaning does the postposition give in “yomg‘ir tufayli”?
The meaning of reason.
3
Find the postposition in “bahor kabi go‘zal” and give its meaning.
Kabi — comparison.
4
Why is “bilan” a pure postposition?
Because it has no naming meaning and serves only to link words.