35
The locative case
Textbook: pp. 65–66
GoalKnow the locative case and its functions.
New words
locative case · o‘rin-payt kelishigilocative suffix · -dahead part · hokim qismplace of action · harakat o‘rni
Explanation
The locative suffix is -da. Added to place names, it shows where the action happens, answers qayerda? (where?) and is an adverbial of place: Hovlida koptok o‘ynadik (We played ball in the yard). Added to words of time, it shows when the action happened, answers qachon? (when?) and is an adverbial of time: Kuzda uzum pishadi (Grapes ripen in autumn). Added to names of persons or things, it answers kimda?, nimada? (with whom? in what?) and works as an object: Lug‘at Anvarda qoldi (The dictionary stayed with Anvar). Between the pronouns bu, shu, u and -da the sound n appears: bunda, shunda, unda.
Worked examples
Qishda qor yog‘adi (It snows in winter) — “qishda”: when? time. Maktabda o‘qiymiz (We study at school) — “maktabda”: where? place.
Bu kitobda rasmlar ko‘p (There are many pictures in this book) — “kitobda”: in what?
Class activity
“Where? When?”: two groups take turns making sentences with -da; the other group names the question and function.
Practice
1
What is the locative suffix?
-da.
2
Which question does “daryoda” answer in “Daryoda cho‘milmang”?
Qayerda? — adverbial of place.
3
Distinguish the questions of “bahorda” and “bog‘da”.
Bahorda — qachon?; bog‘da — qayerda?
4
Why is it “bunda”, not “buda”?
Because n is inserted between the demonstrative pronoun and the case suffix.