2
Review of phonetics
Textbook: p. 5
GoalRecall the classification of vowel and consonant sounds studied in phonetics.
New words
vowel · unli tovushconsonant · undosh tovushvoiced · jaranglivoiceless · jarangsiz
Explanation
Phonetics studies the sound side of language. Uzbek has six vowels: a, o, i, u, e, o‘. Vowels are formed from the voice, and the air meets no obstacle in the mouth. Consonants are formed when an obstacle appears in the path of the air. By place of formation, consonants are divided into lip, front-tongue, mid-tongue, back-tongue, deep back-tongue and throat (glottal) consonants. By the part played by voice and noise, voiced (b, d, g, z, v, j...) and voiceless (p, t, k, s, f, sh...) consonants are distinguished.
Worked examples
In the word “bola”, b and l are consonants; o and a are vowels.
Voiced–voiceless pairs: b–p, d–t, g–k, z–s, v–f, j–sh.
Class activity
Sound cards: split vowels and consonants into two groups, then find the voiced–voiceless pairs.
Practice
1
How many vowels does Uzbek have? List them.
Six: a, o, i, u, e, o‘.
2
Pick out the vowels and consonants of “daftar”.
Vowels: a, a; consonants: d, f, t, r.
3
Write the voiceless pair of each voiced consonant b, d, g, z.
p, t, k, s.
4
Why do we group consonants by place of formation?
Because their pronunciation depends on which speech organ takes part in forming them.