23
Consolidation (pronouns)
Textbook: pp. 41–42
GoalConsolidate the pronoun topic: summarize the kinds of pronouns, their function and spelling.
New words
personal · kishilikinterrogative · so‘roqdefining · belgilashindefinite · gumon
Explanation
In the pronoun topic we studied seven kinds by meaning: personal (men, sen, u), reflexive (o‘z), demonstrative (bu, shu, u, o‘sha), interrogative (kim, nima, qachon), defining (hamma, har bir), negative (hech kim) and indefinite (kimdir, allaqanday). By structure they are simple, compound, paired and repeated. The spelling rule: simple pronouns are written joined, compound pronouns separately, paired and repeated pronouns with a hyphen. Pronouns reduce repetition in a text, but if overused, it can become unclear what they refer to.
Worked examples
In “Karim akam bilan bog‘ga bordik. U daraxt ekdi, men esa suv quydim” (I went to the garden with my brother Karim. He planted a tree, and I poured water), “u” refers to Karim.
Hech kim bilmaydi, kimdir ko‘rgan bo‘lsa ham (Nobody knows, even if someone saw). — a negative and an indefinite pronoun.
Class activity
“Pronoun train”: each pupil, like a wagon, takes one kind of pronoun and names three examples.
Practice
1
List the seven kinds of pronouns by meaning.
Personal, reflexive, demonstrative, interrogative, defining, negative, indefinite.
2
Name the pronoun kind in “Hamma o‘quvchilar yig‘ildi”.
Hamma — a defining pronoun.
3
Classify “hech kim”, “kimdir”, “shu-shu” by structure.
Hech kim — compound, kimdir — simple, shu-shu — repeated.
4
Why can a text with too many pronouns become unclear?
Because a pronoun has no exact meaning and it becomes hard to tell which word it replaces.