48
Conjunctions by function
Textbook: p. 88
GoalDivide conjunctions by function into coordinating and subordinating.
New words
coordinating conjunction · teng bog‘lovchisubordinating conjunction · ergashtiruvchi bog‘lovchiequal relation · teng munosabatdependent relation · tobe munosabat
Explanation
By function, conjunctions are divided into coordinating and subordinating ones. Coordinating conjunctions link parts or sentences that stand in an equal relation: va, hamda, yo, ammo, lekin, na ... na. Subordinating conjunctions link parts or sentences in a dependent relation, where one part depends on the other: chunki, ya’ni, agar, garchi. In “Men keldim va u ketdi” (I came and he left) “va” links two equal sentences; in “Men keldim, chunki u chaqirdi” (I came because he called) “chunki” links the dependent clause to the main clause.
Worked examples
Ali o‘qiydi va Vali yozadi (Ali reads and Vali writes) — coordinating: both sentences are equal.
Dars qoldirmang, chunki imtihon yaqin (Don't skip class, because the exam is near) — subordinating: the second part gives the reason.
Class activity
Two groups: “coordinating” and “subordinating”. Sort conjunction cards into the groups and make a sentence with one.
Practice
1
Into how many kinds are conjunctions divided by function?
Two: coordinating and subordinating.
2
Give two examples each of coordinating and subordinating conjunctions.
Coordinating: va, lekin; subordinating: chunki, agar.
3
Name the kind of conjunction in “Agar yomg‘ir yog‘sa, uyda qolamiz”.
Agar — a subordinating conjunction.
4
Why is “chunki” a subordinating conjunction?
Because it links the dependent part of reason to the main part.