46
Consolidation (postpositions)
Textbook: p. 84
GoalConsolidate the topic of postpositions.
New words
postposition · ko‘makchipure · soffunctional · vazifadoshhead word · hokim so‘z
Explanation
Postpositions are auxiliary words that link independent words to the head word. They are divided into pure (bilan, uchun, kabi, haqida, qadar, tufayli) and functional (ost, ust, yon; keyin, oldin; bo‘ylab, qarab, ko‘ra) ones. By meaning they express reason, purpose, direction, topic, comparison, limit and so on. Postpositions are added to words in the nominative, genitive, dative or ablative. The suffix -dek can be synonymous with kabi, singari, and the dative with tomon. Using postpositions correctly makes speech exact and fluent.
Worked examples
Dars haqida va do‘stlarim bilan suhbatlashdik (We talked about the lesson and with my friends) — haqida (topic), bilan (together) are pure postpositions.
Maktabdan keyin kutubxona yonida uchrashamiz (After school we will meet beside the library) — keyin, yon are functional postpositions.
Class activity
Postposition domino: match cards of postposition phrases by case and meaning.
Practice
1
What is the difference between pure and functional postpositions?
A pure postposition has entirely lost its naming meaning; a functional one comes from an independent word (noun, adverb, verb).
2
Say “bahor kabi go‘zal” with -dek.
Bahordek go‘zal.
3
Find the postpositions: Dars haqida o‘rtog‘im bilan gaplashdik.
Haqida, bilan.
4
Why does a postposition often require a certain case form?
Because each postposition links the word before it to the head word in a certain form.