31
The nominative case
Textbook: pp. 57–58
GoalKnow the nominative case and its functions in a sentence.
New words
nominative case · bosh kelishiksubject · eganominal predicate · ot kesimvocative (address) · undalma
Explanation
The nominative is the case without a suffix: the word stands in its plain dictionary form. It answers one of the questions kim? (who?), nima? (what?) or qayer? (where?). In a sentence a nominative word most often has one of three functions: subject, nominal predicate or vocative. For example: in “Shamol esdi” (The wind blew) “shamol” is the subject; in “Akam — shifokor” (My brother is a doctor) “shifokor” is a nominal predicate; in “Bolalar, darsga kiringlar!” (Children, come into the lesson!) “bolalar” is a vocative. Dictionaries also give words in this form.
Worked examples
Quyosh chiqdi (The sun rose). — “Quyosh” is nominative, the subject (nima?).
Ona, qayerdasiz? (Mother, where are you?) — “Ona” is a vocative, in the nominative.
Class activity
“Nominative hunters”: with a given text, find nominative words and name their function (subject, predicate, vocative).
Practice
1
What suffix does the nominative have?
It has no special suffix.
2
Name the function of the nominative word in “Aziza o‘qiyapti”.
Aziza — subject.
3
What is the function of “shahar” in “Samarqand — go‘zal shahar”?
Nominal predicate.
4
Why is “Dilnoza” a vocative in “Dilnoza, bu yoqqa kel!”?
Because she is addressed; the word names the person being called, not a doer within the sentence's action.