28
Spelling of words with possessive suffixes
Textbook: p. 52
GoalKnow the sound changes in the spelling of words with possessive suffixes.
New words
poplar · terakvillage · qishloqson · o‘g‘ilsound dropping · tovush tushishi
Explanation
When a possessive suffix is added, the base of some words changes, and this change is shown in writing too. In words of two or more syllables ending in k or q, these sounds become g and g‘: ko‘ylak — ko‘ylagi (his shirt), tuproq — tuprog‘i (its soil), do‘stlik — do‘stligi (their friendship). In some words with the vowel i in the second syllable, that i drops: burun — burni (his nose), o‘g‘il — o‘g‘li (his son), ko‘ngil — ko‘ngli (his heart). In one-syllable words (nok, chok, yuk) and in some borrowed words like idrok, ishtirok the base does not change: yuki, idroki.
Worked examples
Qishloq — qishlog‘im; terak — teragi: the final q, k → g‘, g.
O‘g‘il — o‘g‘lim; singil — singlim: the i of the second syllable dropped. Nok — noki: no change.
Class activity
“Did a sound change?”: add -i/-im to words on cards and say whether there is a change.
Practice
1
Add the 3rd person possessive suffix to “qishloq”.
Qishlog‘i.
2
Write “qorin” and “singil” with the 3rd person possessive.
Qorni, singlisi.
3
Which does not change: yurak, nok, ishtirok, terak?
Nok → noki, ishtirok → ishtiroki; (yurak → yuragi and terak → teragi change).
4
Why is it “idroki” and not “idrogi”?
Because by this rule some many-syllable words (idrok, ishtirok) keep their base unchanged.