29
Working with a text and vocabulary
Textbook: pp. 56–57
GoalObserve how words are built and what they mean through a text about word games with letters.
New words
word game · so‘z o‘yiniletter · harfto be formed · hosil bo‘lmoqriddle · topishmoq
Explanation
When one letter is added, dropped or changed, the word’s meaning changes. Mini-text: “In the school yard a game called “Change a letter” took place. The referee said the word «bosh» (head), and pupils changed one letter to form new words such as «tosh» (stone), «qosh» (eyebrow) and «besh» (five). The group with the most words won.” This shows that letters and sounds distinguish word meaning. When working on a text: 1) mark the unfamiliar word, 2) find its meaning, 3) make a sentence with it.
Worked examples
Tosh + li = toshli (a stony road): a suffix gives the word a new meaning.
Bor – bo‘r – bur: changing one vowel gives three different meanings.
Class activity
The “Chain” game: one pupil says a word and the next says a new word beginning with its last letter. Whoever repeats a word is out.
Practice
1
Change one letter of «tog‘» to form a new word.
E.g. sog‘ (healthy), toq (odd), tok (grapevine; electric current).
2
Why are «bor» and «bo‘r» different words?
Because the vowels differ, and the vowel differences distinguish the meaning.
3
Make a sentence with «hosil bo‘lmoq».
E.g. A new word was formed from two words.
4
How was «qalamdon» formed from «qalam»?
The suffix -don was added to «qalam».