☰ Contents · Uzbek language

Spelling of the consonants D, T, J, F, V

Lessons 40–43 · 4 lessons · N. Mahmudov, A. Sobirov, Sh. Sattorov, Sh. Toshmirzayeva, D. Mannopova. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 5 (fully revised 5th edition). G‘afur G‘ulom Publishing House, Tashkent, 2020
40

Pronunciation and spelling of D and T

Textbook: pp. 77–79
GoalKnow the difference between pronunciation and spelling of D and T at the end of words.
New words
free · ozodchild (son or daughter) · farzandglad · xursandlife · hayot
Explanation

At the end of a word voiced d often sounds like unvoiced t, but in writing d is kept: ozod (free), farzand (child), xursand (glad), band (busy). Words ending in t are written with t: hayot (life), mehnat (work), soat (hour). So the letter at the end of a word is decided by the word’s standard form, not by the sound we hear. If in doubt, add a suffix beginning with a vowel: ozod — ozodi, hayot — hayoti; then the last sound is heard clearly. A spelling dictionary also helps.

Worked examples
Ozod sounds like «ozot» but is written with d.
Hayot and mehnat are written with t; with suffixes: hayoti, mehnati.
Class activity

The “suffix test”: write words ending in d or t on the board; a classmate adds the suffix -i and says how the sound is heard.

Practice
1
Which sound is heard and which letter is written at the end of «farzand»?
2
Fill in d or t: haya..., oza..., mehna....
3
How do we check a doubtful word?
4
Add -lik to «ozod».