4
Review of the adjective
Textbook: pp. 8–9
GoalReview the adjective and its kinds of meaning.
New words
adjective · sifatfeature · belgiwhat kind? · qanday?trait, quality · xislat
Explanation
The adjective is the word class that shows the feature of a thing. It answers the questions qanday?, qanaqa?, qaysi? (what kind? which?). Adjectives express features such as colour (oq — white, yashil — green), taste (shirin — sweet, achchiq — bitter), size (katta — big, kichik — small), shape (yumaloq — round) and a person’s traits (mehribon — kind, erinchoq — lazy). Adjectives showing traits can be positive (saxiy — generous, mehnatkash — hard-working) or negative (baxil — stingy, maqtanchoq — boastful). In a sentence the adjective usually comes before the noun: yorug‘ xona (a bright room), shirin uzum (sweet grapes).
Worked examples
A red apple, fresh water, a high mountain, a kind neighbour.
Positive: sabrli (patient), xushmuomala (polite). Negative: qo‘pol (rude), injiq (fussy).
Class activity
“Two columns”: two columns are drawn on the board; children place trait adjectives into the positive and negative columns.
Practice
1
What does an adjective show and which questions does it answer?
It shows a feature of a thing; it answers qanday?, qanaqa?, qaysi?.
2
Find the adjectives: Sovuq shamol quruq barglarni uchirdi.
Sovuq (cold), quruq (dry).
3
Write three adjectives expressing positive traits.
For example: saxiy (generous), xushmuomala (polite), mehnatsevar (hardworking).
4
Why is «qiziqarli» (interesting) an adjective but «kitob» (book) is not? Explain.
Qiziqarli shows a feature (qanday?), while kitob is the name of a thing (nima?).