☰ Contents · Uzbek language

The explanatory dictionary (cont.), Kashgari, the spelling dictionary

Lessons 98–100 · 3 lessons · N. Mahmudov, A. Sobirov, Sh. Sattorov, Sh. Toshmirzayeva, D. Mannopova. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 5 (fully revised 5th edition). G‘afur G‘ulom Publishing House, Tashkent, 2020
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The explanatory dictionary (continued)

Textbook: p. 161
GoalRead dictionary entries and compare the explanations of similar words (synonyms).
New words
to praise · maqtamoqto flatter · xushomad qilmoqsynonym · ma’nodoshdefinition · ta’rif
Explanation

In the explanatory dictionary, words with close meanings are explained separately, so their fine difference can be learned. For example, «maqtamoq» means to raise someone by speaking of their good sides; «xushomad qilmoq» means to praise more than needed in order to gain something. The first expresses a positive attitude, the second a negative one. There are specialised dictionaries too: a dictionary of historical terms explains words like madrasa, and a dictionary of economic terms explains words like soliq (tax). A synonym dictionary shows a row of synonyms and the head word. To find the most accurate explanation, first choose the right type of dictionary.

Worked examples
The teacher praised the pupil for his work; flattering, however, is not a good habit.
Historical term — madrasa; economic term — soliq (tax).
Class activity

In pairs choose three synonym pairs and compare their dictionary definitions (e.g. maqtamoq–xushomad qilmoq, katta–ulkan) and say the difference.

Practice
1
How do the meanings of maqtamoq and xushomad qilmoq differ?
2
From which dictionary do we find historical terms like «madrasa»?
3
What does a synonym dictionary show?
4
How do we decide which dictionary to use?