87
Idioms
Textbook: p. 145
GoalKnow the concept of an idiom and find the meaning of idioms.
New words
idiom · iboraliteral meaning · o‘z ma’nosifigurative meaning · ko‘chma ma’noexpressive · ta’sirchan
Explanation
A fixed combination of two or more words that has one whole figurative meaning is called an idiom; its meaning can often be expressed with a single word. For example: boshi osmonga yetdi (was overjoyed), yurak yutmoq (to dare), ko‘ngli bo‘sh (soft-hearted). The meaning of an idiom is not the sum of its words: «qo‘li ochiq» does not mean someone whose hand is open, but a generous person. That is why an idiom is understood figuratively, not word for word. Idioms make speech expressive and attractive.
Worked examples
My brother is a generous (qo‘li ochiq) person: he always helps his friends.
Hearing he won a prize, he was overjoyed (boshi osmonga yetdi).
Class activity
Idiom pantomime: one pupil acts out an idiom’s meaning and the class guesses.
Practice
1
What is an idiom?
A fixed combination of two or more words with one whole figurative meaning.
2
What does «qo‘li ochiq» mean?
Generous.
3
Give the meaning of «yurak yutmoq».
To dare.
4
How do idioms affect speech?
They make it expressive and attractive.