71
Historical and archaic words
Textbook: p. 125
GoalDistinguish historical words from archaic words.
New words
historical word · tarixiy so‘zarchaic word · arxaik so‘zmounted messenger · choparletter (old word) · noma
Explanation
Old words are of two kinds. In some words the thing or occupation they named has itself left life, so the word is no longer used; such words are called historical words: chopar (a mounted messenger carrying letters), mirshab (a night watchman keeping order). In other words the thing still exists, but we now call it by a different word; such words are called archaic words: noma (letter), bitik (writing), tabib (doctor). Historical and archaic words are found in historical works and old books.
Worked examples
Chopar, mirshab — historical words: such occupations no longer exist.
Noma (letter), tabib (doctor) — archaic: the thing exists but the word is different.
Class activity
Table: “Historical / Archaic”. Place the given words in the right column and give the reason.
Practice
1
What is a historical word?
A word no longer used because the thing it named has left life.
2
What is an archaic word?
The thing still exists, but we now call it by another word; the old name is an archaic word.
3
By which word has «noma» been replaced today?
Xat.
4
Is «chopar» historical or archaic? Why?
Historical: the occupation of a mounted messenger no longer exists.