Lessons 28–31 · 4 lessons · N. Mahmudov, A. Nurmonov, A. Sobirov, D. Nabiyeva. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 6. Tasvir Publishing House, 2017 (4th edition)
28
Passive voice
Textbook: pp. 45–46
GoalForm the passive voice and tell it from the reflexive voice.
A verb form expressing an action or state whose doer is unknown is in the passive voice. It is formed by adding -n, -l after a vowel and -in, -il after a consonant: ochildi (was opened), yozildi (was written), qurildi (was built), taraldi (was combed). The passive is made from transitive verbs, and the word that becomes the subject was formerly the object: Ona xatni yozdi → Xat yozildi (The letter was written). The reflexive and passive have identical forms but differ in meaning: in the reflexive the action is on the doer himself, in the passive the doer is unknown. Compare: kiyindi (dressed himself) — kiyildi (the garment was put on).
Worked examples
The school was built. The door was opened. The bread was baked.
The child washed (himself) — The dish was washed (we do not say who washed it).
Class activity
“Who did it — unknown”: the teacher says an active sentence and children turn it passive (Ona eshikni ochdi → Eshik ochildi).
Practice
1
What kind of verb form is the passive voice?
A form expressing an action with an unknown doer.
2
Turn into the passive: Dehqon paxtani terdi.
Paxta terildi (The cotton was picked).
3
Which is in the passive: tarandi or taraldi?
Taraldi (tarandi is reflexive).
4
Reflexive and passive forms are the same; how do they differ?
By meaning: in the reflexive the doer acts on himself; in the passive the doer is unknown.