29
Causative voice
Textbook: p. 47
GoalKnow the causative voice and form it.
New words
causative voice · orttirma nisbatcausative suffixes · -t, -dir, -tirto order · buyurmoqmeans, agent · vosita
Explanation
A verb form expressing an action done by another person or thing under the influence of the doer is in the causative voice. Its suffixes are -t, -dir (-tir), -giz (-kiz), -qiz (-g‘iz), -gaz (-kaz, -qaz), -ir, -ar, -iz. For example: o‘qimoq — o‘qitmoq (to read — to teach), yozmoq — yozdirmoq (to have written), kelmoq — keltirmoq (to come — to bring), yutmoq — yutqizmoq (to win — to make lose). The causative often turns an intransitive verb into a transitive one: bola uxladi (the child slept) → ona bolani uxlatdi (mother put the child to sleep). Such a verb shows that the doer made or helped another act.
Worked examples
The teacher taught the pupil. My father had the house painted.
ket (go) — ketkizdi (sent away); yut — yutqizdi (made lose); tur (stand) — turg‘izdi (made stand up).
Class activity
“Command chain”: one child says “Men yozdim” (I wrote); the next continues in the causative: “Men yozdirdim” (I had it written).
Practice
1
Name three causative suffixes.
For example: -t, -dir, -tir, -giz, -ir.
2
Form a causative from o‘qimoq.
o‘qitmoq (o‘qitdi) — to teach.
3
Rewrite using the causative: Bola uxladi.
Ona bolani uxlatdi (Mother put the child to sleep).
4
Why are there two people involved in yozdirdi?
One orders, the other writes: the causative shows the action is done through another person.