31
Cooperative voice
Textbook: p. 50
GoalForm the cooperative voice and explain its meaning.
New words
cooperative voice · birgalik nisbaticooperative suffix · -(i)shmutually · o‘zarotogether · birgalikda
Explanation
A verb form expressing an action or state done together by more than one doer is in the cooperative voice. It is formed by adding -sh after a vowel and -ish after a consonant: ishla+sh, kel+ish: ishlashdi (worked together), kelishdi (came together). The cooperative often expresses the joint or mutual action of several people: gaplashdi (talked with each other), salomlashdi (greeted one another), yordamlashdi (helped each other). Sometimes it expresses plurality of doers: ular uyni supurishdi (they swept the house; each did his share).
Worked examples
The children worked together in the garden. The friends met.
o‘qi — o‘qishdi (read together); yoz — yozishdi; tush — tushishdi (got off together).
Class activity
“Together”: two children act as a pair (a handshake) and the class says the cooperative verb (ko‘rishdi, salomlashdi).
Practice
1
What are the cooperative suffixes?
-sh (after a vowel), -ish (after a consonant).
2
Form the cooperative from ishla and kel.
ishlashdi, kelishdi.
3
Find the cooperative verb: Ular daftarga yozdi. Ular yozishdi.
Yozishdi.
4
Why is salomlashdi in the cooperative voice?
Because at least two people take part in greeting each other.