24
Transitive and intransitive verbs
Textbook: p. 40
GoalTell transitive from intransitive verbs.
New words
transitive verb · o‘timli fe’lintransitive verb · o‘timsiz fe’laccusative case · tushum kelishigiobject · to‘ldiruvchi
Explanation
Verbs that connect with words in the accusative case (whom? what?) are transitive: kitobni o‘qidi (read the book), uyni supurdi (swept the house). Verbs without this property are intransitive: uxladi (slept), keldi (came), o‘sdi (grew), kuldi (laughed). Test: put “whom?” or “what?” to the verb. If the question fits, the verb is transitive. The accusative suffix is sometimes dropped: Ona non yopdi (= nonni yopdi) — still transitive. A verb that goes only with a word in the dative or locative case and takes no accusative object is intransitive: maktabga bordi (went to school).
Worked examples
Transitive: The child took the notebook. The farmer sowed wheat (sowed what?).
Intransitive: The sun rose. The child slept. We came to school.
Class activity
“Whom? What?”: the teacher says a sentence. Children raise a hand if the question “what?” fits the verb.
Practice
1
Find the transitive verb: uxladi, yozdi, keldi.
Yozdi (wrote what?).
2
Is the verb transitive: Qush daraxtga qo‘ndi?
No, intransitive: “whom? what?” does not fit (daraxtga is dative).
3
Name the type of verb in “Ona non yopdi”.
Transitive (non = nonni; the accusative suffix is dropped).
4
Why is the verb in “uyga keldi” intransitive?
Because uyga is in the dative case; there is no word in the accusative.