115
Counting words
Textbook: pp. 171–172
GoalKnow and use counting words correctly.
New words
counting word · hisob so‘zimeasure · o‘lchovkilogram · kilogramm
Explanation
Words placed between a counting numeral and the counted noun, showing the measure of the thing, are counting words. They are words like dona, nafar, bosh, tup, litr, gramm, kilogramm, metr, dasta (bunch), quti (box): besh kilogramm olma (five kilograms of apples), ikki litr sut (two liters of milk), o‘n bosh qo‘y (ten sheep), uch quti qalam (three boxes of pens). The noun after a counting word usually takes no plural. A counting word is written separately after the numeral. The word is chosen by the kind of thing: nafar for people, bosh for animals, tup for plants, litr for liquids.
Worked examples
From the shop we bought two kilograms of apples and three liters of milk.
Ten flower plants bloomed in the garden.
Class activity
“Shop”: children play shopkeeper and customer and place orders with counting words.
Practice
1
What does a counting word show?
The measure of the counted thing.
2
Choose a counting word: o‘n ... qo‘y; besh ... daraxt; uch ... suv.
Bosh; tup; litr.
3
Make a sentence with uch quti.
For example: Stol ustida uch quti qalam turibdi.
4
Why do we not say besh kilogramm olmalar?
Because the quantity is already given by the numeral and counting word, so no plural is needed.