104
Adjectives of colour, taste and smell
Textbook: p. 156
GoalIdentify color, taste and smell adjectives.
New words
color · rang-tustaste · maza-ta’msmell · hid
Explanation
Adjectives naming a thing’s color are color adjectives: qizil (red), sariq (yellow), ko‘k (blue), yashil (green), qora (black), oq (white), jigarrang (brown). Adjectives naming taste are taste adjectives: shirin (sweet), nordon (sour), achchiq (bitter or hot), sho‘r (salty), chuchuk (unsalted, fresh). Adjectives naming smell are smell adjectives: xushbo‘y (fragrant), badbo‘y (foul-smelling). Color adjectives form the intensive by repeating the first syllable: qop-qora, yam-yashil, sap-sariq. The diminutive uses -ish, -(i)mtir: qizg‘ish, ko‘kimtir. Adjectives of these groups are usually qualitative and take degrees.
Worked examples
A bright-yellow lemon is sour.
The fragrant bread was freshly baked.
Class activity
“Five senses”: choose a fruit and describe its color, taste and smell with three adjectives.
Practice
1
Give three taste adjectives.
Shirin, nordon, sho‘r (achchiq, chuchuk).
2
Make the intensive: sariq, qora, yashil.
Sap-sariq, qop-qora, yam-yashil.
3
Group: xushbo‘y, shirin, ko‘k.
Smell: xushbo‘y; taste: shirin; color: ko‘k.
4
Why is qizg‘ish a color adjective but a diminutive form?
Because it names a color, and -ish weakens that color attribute.