☰ Contents · Uzbek language

Loss and replacement of sounds, and the syllable

Lessons 19–22 · 4 lessons · N. Mahmudov, A. Sobirov, Sh. Sattorov, Sh. Toshmirzayeva, D. Mannopova. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 5 (fully revised 5th edition). G‘afur G‘ulom Publishing House, Tashkent, 2020
21

Substitution of sounds in words

Textbook: pp. 41–42
GoalKnow the replacement of sounds and its spelling.
New words
replacement of a sound · tovush almashishidative case · jo‘nalish kelishigiexception · istisnostem · asos
Explanation

Sometimes when a suffix is added, one sound in the word is replaced by another, and it is written that way. When a possessive suffix is added to a word ending in k, g is written instead of k: eshik — eshigi (door — his door), tilak — tilagim (wish — my wish). In a word ending in q, g‘ comes instead of q: bayroq — bayrog‘i (flag — its flag). However, in words like idrok, ishtirok, axloq, ravnaq, huquq, ittifoq this replacement does not happen. The suffixes -ga, -gan, -gach, -gina, which begin with g, are pronounced and written with g, k or q depending on the end of the word: uyga, eshikka, bayroqqa, chiqqach. Remember: the n before b or m is written n although it sounds like m: yonbosh, tinmay.

Worked examples
tilak → tilagim; yurak → yuragi; tomoq → tomog‘i; bilak → bilagi.
Exception: ishtirok → ishtiroki; axloq → axloqi (q does not change).
Class activity

“Chain”: team members name a word ending in k or q, and the next says it in the possessive form and gives a new word.

Practice
1
Into which sounds do k and q turn when a possessive suffix is added?
2
Write in the possessive form: yurak, tomoq, bilak, quloq.
3
In which words does the sound not change: tilak, idrok, ishtirok, ko‘ylak?
4
Why do we not write «shanba» as «shamba»?