13
Organs of speech
Textbook: pp. 26–27
GoalName the organs of speech and group consonants by place of production.
New words
organs of speech · nutq a’zolarivocal cords · un paychalaritip-of-tongue (front lingual) · til oldilabial sound · lab tovushi
Explanation
The organs we use to make sounds are called organs of speech. They are the following: 1) lungs, 2) cartilages (tog‘aylar), 3) vocal cords, 4) throat cavity, 5) oral cavity, 6) nasal cavity, 7) tongue, 8) lips, 9) teeth. Consonants are grouped by the organ that helps to produce them: labial (b, p, m, v, f), tip-of-tongue (t, l, s, z, d, sh, ch, j, dj, n, r), mid-tongue (y), back-of-tongue (g, k, ng), deep back-of-tongue (q, g‘, x) sounds and the throat sound (h).
Worked examples
In «mehmon» (guest) m, m are labial, h is the throat sound, n is a tip-of-tongue sound.
In «qo‘y» (sheep) q is a deep back-of-tongue sound, y is a mid-tongue sound.
Class activity
“In front of the mirror”: with a small mirror children say b, t, k, h and watch the position of lips and tongue.
Practice
1
Which belong to the organs of speech? Name six.
For example: lungs, vocal cords, tongue, lips, teeth, nasal cavity.
2
List the labial consonants.
B, p, m, v, f.
3
Which groups do the consonants in «tog‘» belong to?
T — tip-of-tongue; g‘ — deep back-of-tongue.
4
Why is h singled out as the throat sound?
Because it is produced in the throat, without the tongue or lips taking part as in the other groups.