☰ Contents · Technology

A design project and sewing a skullcap

Lessons 9–10 · 2 lessons · O. A. Qo‘ysinov, O‘. O. Tohirov, D. N. Mamatov, D. F. Aripova. Labour education (Mehnat ta’limi), Grade 9: methodical guide for teachers. Delta-Print, Tashkent, 2017. Note: this is a teacher’s guide, not a student textbook (lesson plans for the “Technology and design”, “Service” and “Basics of agriculture” directions). The course is built from the lesson-plan topics of the “Technology and design” direction; the “Iroqi” skullcap lesson comes from the “Service” direction, and lesson 25 (joining parts) is written from the topic listed in the guide’s calendar plan.
9

Practical work: designing a product to modern design requirements

Teacher’s guide: p. 4 (calendar plan) and p. 29
GoalKnow the stages of designing a product to modern design requirements and ways to keep the outer form coherent.
New words
design · dizaynproject · loyihamodel / mock-up · makettradition · an’ana
Explanation

Design is the art of thinking out an item so that it is convenient, attractive and fit for its purpose. Combining folk crafts with modern design means keeping traditional patterns and methods while adapting the item to today’s buyer’s needs: for example a bag or gift box with a traditional pattern but light and compact. The design stages are: find the need and demand, look for ideas, draw a sketch, make a model or mock-up, write the technological map, make the item and assess the result. At every stage the coherence and wholeness of the outer form are checked: do pattern, shape, colour and material fit one another, and is there nothing extra. Modern requirements: ease of use, strength, safety, economy of material, an attractive look and a price within the buyer’s means. It is cheap and safe to test a project first on paper or as a model, because mistakes can be corrected without wasting material.

Worked examples
A workshop designs a wooden bookmark clip instead of a knife sheath: the traditional pattern is kept, but the item is something today’s students need.
Model: cut a box shape from thick paper and fold it up. If the lid does not fit the body, the size is corrected on paper — no wood is wasted.
Class activity

Mini-project: groups choose an idea for a small item for school (pencil case, book shelf, handout box), draw a sketch and assess themselves by four modern requirements. No tools are used.

Practice
1
State the design stages in order (at least five).
2
Give one example of “traditional pattern + modern use”.
3
In a pencil-box project the lid came out 2 cm short. At which stage could the mistake have been corrected cheaply?
4
Why is a product checked against modern requirements before going to market?