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Abilities and career choice

Lessons 29 · 1 lessons · O. A. Qo‘ysinov, O‘. O. Tohirov, D. N. Mamatov, D. F. Aripova. Labour education (Mehnat ta’limi), Grade 9: methodical guide for teachers. Delta-Print, Tashkent, 2017. Note: this is a teacher’s guide, not a student textbook (lesson plans for the “Technology and design”, “Service” and “Basics of agriculture” directions). The course is built from the lesson-plan topics of the “Technology and design” direction; the “Iroqi” skullcap lesson comes from the “Service” direction, and lesson 25 (joining parts) is written from the topic listed in the guide’s calendar plan.
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Abilities and career choice

Teacher’s guide: pp. 106–109
GoalKnow the concept of ability, its general and special types, and say how a shortcoming can be made up for.
New words
ability · qobiliyatgeneral ability · umumiy qobiliyatspecial ability · maxsus qobiliyatcompensation · o‘rnini qoplash
Explanation

An ability is an individual psychological feature that helps a person succeed in some activity. It is not the same as knowledge and skill alone: distinguishing and remembering smells is very useful for a cook or chemist, and a strong memory for a programmer or designer. General abilities (for example observation, attention and creativity) are needed in many occupations, while special abilities are for narrower groups of jobs: technical, mathematical, pedagogical, organisational, literary-linguistic and artistic ability. For example, a person who makes a complex item from a drawing must have well-developed ability to picture an object in space. In every occupation work goes well only when general and special abilities combine. If one required ability is weak there are two ways: change the occupation or make up for the shortcoming; for instance, with a weak memory regular notes and a card index help, and with weak spatial imagination, solid models help. Clarity of thinking, resourcefulness and willpower (determination, discipline, self-confidence) are also developed through active study at school.

Worked examples
A student with technical ability is interested in how a mechanism works, learns physics and technical drawing well and likes working with tools (starting only with the teacher, with protective equipment).
Sardor has trouble picturing the views of an object in a drawing. This does not bar him from a technical career: he makes models from cardboard and plasticine to make up for his imagination.
Class activity

“Ability map”: each student writes three general and three special abilities on a map, compares them with the requirements of the chosen career and marks which to practise.

Practice
1
What is an ability?
2
Give two examples each of general and special abilities.
3
Of 24 students in a group, 6 were assessed as technically able. What percent is that?
4
What can be done if a required ability is weak?