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Analysing the factors of difficulty of occupations

Lessons 31 · 1 lessons · O. A. Qo‘ysinov, O‘. O. Tohirov, D. N. Mamatov, D. F. Aripova. Labour education (Mehnat ta’limi), Grade 9: methodical guide for teachers. Delta-Print, Tashkent, 2017. Note: this is a teacher’s guide, not a student textbook (lesson plans for the “Technology and design”, “Service” and “Basics of agriculture” directions). The course is built from the lesson-plan topics of the “Technology and design” direction; the “Iroqi” skullcap lesson comes from the “Service” direction, and lesson 25 (joining parts) is written from the topic listed in the guide’s calendar plan.
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Analysing the factors of difficulty of occupations

Teacher’s guide: pp. 113–115
GoalLearn to sort occupations into outdated, new and folk-craft types and to analyse the advantages and difficulties of an occupation.
New words
classification of occupations · kasb tasnifiadvantage · afzallikdifficult side · murakkab tomonhandicraft · hunarmandchilik
Explanation

To analyse the factors of difficulty of an occupation it helps first to sort occupations into groups. The technology and design direction includes carpenter, locksmith-fitter, turner, welder, jeweller, potter, chaser (kandakor), knife-maker and the like. They can be divided into three groups: “outdated” occupations whose demand has fallen or whose content has changed completely over time; “new” occupations that appeared with new equipment and technology (for example operator of a machine controlled by a digital program, setter, 3D modeller); and occupations of national handicrafts based on the people’s centuries of experience. In the next step one occupation is chosen and its description, advantages (for example steady demand, creativity, income opportunity) and difficult sides (physical load, precision, long learning, safety requirements, repetitive work) are written in a table. An occupation’s name may stay old while its content is renewed: a modern repair fitter now knows, besides hand tools, automatic lines and programs. At the end of the analysis you ask yourself ten questions: why this occupation, what friends, teachers and parents think, whether your view changed after learning the difficult sides, and where you want to study after grade 9 (grades 10–11, a vocational school, a college or technical school).

Worked examples
Table: “Turner”. Description: shapes metal parts by turning them on a machine. Advantage: work is always available, precise results. Difficult sides: high precision, long standing, strict safety demands because of rotating parts.
Pottery is a national craft: its advantage is creativity and market value; its difficult side is preparing clay, firing (burn risk) and long practice; it can be learned only under a master’s guidance.
Class activity

Filling in tables: groups write occupation names, sort them into three columns (outdated, new, national craft), then choose one occupation, write its advantages and difficult sides in a table and present to the class.

Practice
1
Into which three groups can occupations be divided?
2
Which group does the operator of a machine controlled by a digital program belong to? Why?
3
A table lists 7 advantages and 4 difficult sides of a job. How many sides in total?
4
Why is it important to know an occupation’s difficult sides beforehand?