Punctuation marks: overview, the full stop and the comma
Lessons 50–51 · 2 lessons · N.M. Mahmudov, A. Nurmonov, A.Sh. Sobirov. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 9, 4th edition. “Tasvir” Publishing House, Tashkent, 2019
51
Use of the full stop and the comma
Textbook: pp. 101–103
GoalKnow and use the places for the full stop and the comma.
New words
full stop · nuqtacomma · vergulnominative sentence · atov gapwords of affirmation and negation · tasdiq-inkor so‘zlar
Explanation
A statement or command said in a calm tone, and a nominative sentence that only names something, ends with a full stop: “Bahor keldi.”, “Darsni tayyorla.”, “Kuz.” The comma has more uses: between homogeneous parts; setting off an address, introductory words and phrases; setting off set-off parts; after words of affirmation, negation or appeal such as ha, yo‘q, rahmat, xo‘sh, qani, xayr, salom; between the parts of a composite sentence; and separating direct speech from the author’s words. For example: “Ha, albatta, men sizga yordam beraman”. Putting a superfluous comma or leaving one out can spoil the meaning, so we put every comma for a reason.
Worked examples
Ha, men tayyorman. / Rahmat, sen juda yordam berding. (ha, rahmat – set off by a comma)
Dilshod, shubhasiz, g‘olib bo‘ladi. (“shubhasiz” – introductory word, commas both sides) / Qish. (nominative sentence, full stop)
Class activity
“Reason for the comma”: the teacher writes a sentence; pupils state the reason for each comma (homogeneous, address, introductory word...).
Practice
1
After which sentences is the full stop put?
After declarative, imperative and nominative sentences without strong feeling.
2
State three uses of the comma.
For example: between homogeneous parts, after an address, around introductory words.
3
Punctuate: “Xayr Ali ertaga albatta uchrashamiz”.
Xayr, Ali, ertaga, albatta, uchrashamiz. (Xayr – comma; Ali – address; albatta – introductory word, commas on both sides)
4
Why is a full stop put in “Qish.”?
Because it is a nominative sentence said without strong feeling.