The linked composite sentence. Copulative conjunctions
Lessons 11–12 · 2 lessons · N.M. Mahmudov, A. Nurmonov, A.Sh. Sobirov. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 9, 4th edition. “Tasvir” Publishing House, Tashkent, 2019
11
The linked composite sentence: basic information
Textbook: pp. 26–27
GoalKnow the features, kinds and pattern of the linked composite sentence.
New words
linked composite sentence · bog‘langan qo‘shma gapequal parts · teng huquqli qismlarpattern (scheme) · qolipsequence · ketma-ketlik
Explanation
A composite sentence whose parts are linked by coordinating conjunctions, the words bo‘lsa and esa, or the particles -u (-yu) and -da is a linked composite sentence. Its parts do not depend on each other but are equal, so each part can also be said as a separate sentence. Its pattern is: [first part] + coordinating conjunction + [second part]. Between the parts there may be relations of simultaneity, sequence, reason-result, contrast, alternation, negation or comparison. By the kind of conjunction we distinguish linked composite sentences with copulative, adversative, disjunctive and negative conjunctions. A comma is put before an adversative conjunction and before a repeated disjunctive or negative conjunction.
Worked examples
Qor to‘xtadi va ko‘chalar yana gavjum bo‘ldi. (copulative: va; sequence)
Yo‘l uzoq edi, ammo biz charchamadik. (adversative: ammo; contrast) Pattern: [ ], ammo [ ].
Class activity
“Conjunction building”: each group gets a card with two simple sentences and joins them with a suitable conjunction.
Practice
1
Which composite sentence is called linked?
One whose parts are linked by coordinating conjunctions, bo‘lsa, esa, or -u (-yu), -da.
2
List the kinds of linked composite sentences.
Those with copulative, adversative, disjunctive and negative conjunctions.
3
Divide “Quyosh botdi, ammo havo hamon issiq edi” into parts and write its pattern.
“Quyosh botdi” + ammo + “havo hamon issiq edi”; pattern: [ ], ammo [ ].
4
Why are the parts of a linked composite sentence called equal?
Because neither is part of the other or explains its content.