Lessons 7–8 · 2 lessons · N.M. Mahmudov, A. Nurmonov, A.Sh. Sobirov. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 9, 4th edition. “Tasvir” Publishing House, Tashkent, 2019
7
Simple and composite sentences
Textbook: pp. 17–18
GoalTell simple and composite sentences apart by the predicative feature.
New words
simple sentence · sodda gapcomposite sentence · qo‘shma gappredicative feature · kesimlik belgisicompleteness of intonation · ohang tugalligi
Explanation
A sentence built around only one grammatical core (predicate) and complete in meaning and intonation is a simple sentence. If two or more simple sentences join in meaning and grammar inside one sentence and are said with one complete intonation, the sentence is composite. The most important feature is predicativity: each part has its own predicate and, usually, its own subject. So counting the predicates in a sentence is the basis for telling simple and composite sentences apart. Homogeneous predicates of one subject, or a converb form (kelib, ochib), do not turn a simple sentence into a composite one because no separate part with its own predicate appears.
Worked examples
Simple sentence: Men maktab kutubxonasidan yangi kitob oldim. (one predicate – oldim)
Composite sentence: Men dars tayyorladim, singlim rasm chizdi. (two predicates – tayyorladim, chizdi; two subjects – men, singlim)
Class activity
“Predicate count”: the teacher reads a sentence; pupils show the number of predicates on their fingers and say “simple” or “composite”.
Practice
1
What is a simple sentence?
A sentence with only one predicate (grammatical core) that is complete in meaning and intonation.
2
Is “Tong otdi, qushlar sayray boshladi” simple or composite?
Composite: it has two predicates (otdi, sayray boshladi) and two subjects (tong, qushlar).
3
Make two simple and two composite sentences.
For example: Bog‘da gullar ochildi. / Akam o‘qiydi, men yozaman. / Bahor keldi, dalalar ko‘kardi. / Kitob o‘qidim.
4
Why is “Ali uyga kelib, kitob o‘qidi” not a composite sentence?
Because “kelib” is a converb, not a separate predicate; there is one predicate, o‘qidi.