Lessons 56–57 · 2 lessons · N.M. Mahmudov, A. Nurmonov, A.Sh. Sobirov. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 9, 4th edition. “Tasvir” Publishing House, Tashkent, 2019
56
Consolidation. Punctuation. Working with text
Textbook: pp. 114–115
GoalConsolidate the use of the ten punctuation marks and place them correctly in a text.
New words
consolidation · mustahkamlashgeneralizing word · umumlashtiruvchi so‘zstage direction · remarkahomogeneous part · uyushiq bo‘lak
Explanation
Knowing the marks is not enough: you must see them in a text and choose them by the structure of the sentence. First decide the type of the sentence: simple, composite or one with direct speech. Then find the parts that are set off: homogeneous parts, the generalizing word, the address, parenthetical items. The mark at the end (full stop, question mark, exclamation mark, ellipsis) is chosen by intonation. In a composite sentence the mark depends on the relation between the parts: an explanation takes a colon, a contrast takes a dash, a listing takes a comma. After writing, reread and be able to explain why each mark stands where it does.
Worked examples
Bahor keldi: daraxtlar gul ochdi, qushlar sayradi. Olma, o‘rik, shaftoli – barcha daraxtlar gul ochdi. Kim bahorni sevmaydi? (Colon – the second part explains the first; comma – the two actions are listed; dash – the generalizing word follows the list; question mark – a question.)
Ustoz dedi: «Mehnat – baxt kaliti». Bolalar (hammasi birdan) kulishdi... Faqat Anvar jim edi. (Colon before direct speech; quotation marks around the speech; brackets for the extra remark; ellipsis for a pause.)
Class activity
“Mark hunt”: the teacher gives a four- or five-line text with no punctuation; pairs insert the marks and explain each one.
Practice
1
If the generalizing word comes before the homogeneous parts, which mark follows it?
Colon.
2
Correct the unpunctuated sentence: Qalam daftar kitob barcha o‘quv qurollari sumkada edi.
Qalam, daftar, kitob – barcha o‘quv qurollari sumkada edi.
3
Which marks at the end of a sentence are chosen by intonation? Name two.
For example the full stop and the exclamation mark (or the question mark, the ellipsis).
4
Why is a colon used in «Bahor keldi: daraxtlar gul ochdi»?
The second part explains the first (shows how spring has come), so a colon is needed.