Means linking a subordinate clause to the main clause
Lessons 21 · 1 lessons · N.M. Mahmudov, A. Nurmonov, A.Sh. Sobirov. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 9, 4th edition. “Tasvir” Publishing House, Tashkent, 2019
21
Means that link a subordinate clause to the main clause
Textbook: pp. 44–45
GoalKnow the five means that link a subordinate clause to the main clause.
New words
postpositional construction · ko‘makchili qurilmacorrelative word · nisbiy so‘zparticle · yuklamathe word deb · deb so‘zi
Explanation
A subordinate clause is linked to the main clause by five means. The first is subordinating conjunctions (agar, chunki, toki, basharti, mabodo). The second is postpositional constructions: shuning uchun, shu sababli, shu tufayli and others. The third is the particle -ki added to the main clause, usually to its predicate (the main clause usually has a demonstrative such as shu, shunday): “Shuni bilingki, ...”. The fourth is correlative words: the interrogative pronoun in the subordinate clause (kim, nima, qayer) and the pronoun answering it in the main clause (u, shu, o‘sha yer) are set in relation to each other. The fifth is the word deb and similar; the conditional ending also links the subordinate clause to the main one. In analysis we first determine which means is present.
Worked examples
Examples: Biz erta turdik, chunki yo‘l uzoq edi (conjunction). Havo sovidi, shu sababli issiq kiyindik (construction). Shuni bilingki, ilm kuch beradi (-ki). Kim izlansa, o‘sha topadi (correlative words). Adashmayin deb, xaritaga qaradi (deb).
Conditional mood: Yomg‘ir yog‘sa, uyda qolamiz. – “-sa” links the subordinate clause to the main clause.
Class activity
“The five”: five groups each choose a means, form a sentence with it and present it.
Practice
1
List the means that link a subordinate clause to the main clause.
Subordinating conjunctions, postpositional constructions, the particle -ki, correlative words, the word deb (and the conditional mood).
2
Find the means in “Kim mehnat qilsa, o‘sha rohat topadi”.
Correlative words: kim – o‘sha (and the conditional -sa).
3
What is the means in “Kechikmayin deb, erta chiqdik”?
The word deb.
4
Why are correlative words called interdependent?
Because one (kim) requires the other (u, o‘sha); without one the other is incomplete.