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Working with text and vocabulary
Textbook: p. 60
GoalWork with a text and vocabulary: find subordinate composite sentences in a text.
New words
attention · e’tiborresponsibility · mas’uliyatduty · burchdiscipline · intizom
Explanation
When reading we first understand the content, then find the subordinate composite sentences and separate the main and subordinate clauses. By the question the subordinate clause answers we determine its meaning – reason, purpose, condition, time. The linking means in a text make thought consistent: “chunki” shows reason, “toki” purpose, “agar” condition, “shuning uchun” result. We understand the new vocabulary and use it in our own sentences. For example, “mas’uliyat” is the sense of being answerable for a task one has taken on, “burch” is a duty that must be fulfilled, “intizom” is keeping to an established order.
Worked examples
Mini-text: “Team spirit.” Our football team trains every day because discipline is the foundation of victory. If someone is late to training, the team does not wait for him. The coach says that every player must feel his responsibility. Thanks to this we play with confidence in competitions.
Analysis: “... mashq qiladi, chunki intizom ...” – reason; “Agar kimdir kech qolsa, ...” – condition; “Murabbiy aytadiki, ...” – -ki; “Shu tufayli ...” – postpositional construction.
Class activity
“Means hunters”: groups find the means linking subordinate to main clauses in the text and tabulate them.
Practice
1
Find a composite sentence with a clause of reason in the mini-text.
Futbol jamoamiz har kuni mashq qiladi, chunki intizom g‘alabaning poydevoridir.
2
What does the subordinate clause express in “Agar kimdir mashqqa kech qolsa, jamoa uni kutmaydi”?
Condition.
3
Make a sentence with “mas’uliyat”.
For example: Bu vazifani bajarish mening mas’uliyatim.
4
Why are linking means needed in a text?
Because they show the links of reason, condition and result between sentences and make the text coherent.