14
Linked composite sentences with disjunctive conjunctions
Textbook: pp. 32–33
GoalForm composite sentences with disjunctive conjunctions and explain their punctuation.
New words
disjunctive conjunction · ayiruv bog‘lovchisialternation · galma-gallikrepeated conjunction · takror bog‘lovchior · yoki
Explanation
Disjunctive conjunctions join the parts and show one of two meanings: the events take turns, or only one of them takes place. They include yo (yoki), yoxud, goh... goh, dam... dam, ba’zan... ba’zan. The conjunction “yo” (yoki) can be used singly or repeated: “Yo sen ayt, yo men aytay”. The other disjunctive conjunctions are used repeated: “Goh yomg‘ir yog‘ardi, goh quyosh nur sochardi”. In writing, a comma is put before the repeated conjunction. In alternation the actions in the parts happen in turn, while in choice only one of them happens.
Worked examples
Dam yomg‘ir tomchilardi, dam shamol daraxtlarni egardi. (alternation; dam... dam; a comma before the second “dam”)
Yo sen darsni tushuntir, yo men tushuntiray. (choice: only one happens)
Class activity
“Goh... goh”: pupils say alternating sentences about the weather with “Goh ..., goh ...” and place the comma on the board.
Practice
1
List the disjunctive conjunctions.
Yo (yoki), yoxud, goh... goh, dam... dam, ba’zan... ba’zan.
2
Punctuate: “Goh bulut quyoshni to‘sdi goh quyosh yana chiqdi”.
Goh bulut quyoshni to‘sdi, goh quyosh yana chiqdi.
3
Make one composite sentence with “yo”.
For example: Yo sen kitob o‘qiysan, yo men film qo‘yaman. (Each part should have its own subject.)
4
What is the difference between alternation and choice?
In alternation actions happen in turn; in choice only one is carried out.