17
The scientific essay
Textbook: p. 28
GoalKnow the features of a scientific essay and plan one.
New words
scientific essay · ilmiy inshoterm · atamaevidence · dalilconcise · lo‘nda
Explanation
In a scientific essay the topic is covered from the viewpoint of a science, in scientific style. Terms, exact facts and scientific concepts play the main role; information is given concisely and clearly. Comparisons, figurative words, imagery and proverbs are hardly used, and the text has no emotional colouring. A scientific essay relies on logical order and correct understanding of evidence, and at the end the author states his or her conclusion. This work tests the pupil’s scientific thinking and prepares for writing research articles in the future.
Worked examples
Scientific sentence: “Fotosintez jarayonida o‘simlik quyosh nurini kimyoviy energiyaga aylantiradi.” (In photosynthesis the plant converts sunlight into chemical energy.)
Plan: “The Uzbek alphabet”. I. Introduction — writing and alphabet. II. 1) letters of the Latin alphabet; 2) sound and letter; 3) importance of spelling rules. III. Conclusion.
Class activity
Which sentence suits a scientific essay? Pairs mix ‘lively’ and ‘scientific’ sentences and test each other.
Practice
1
State three features of the language of a scientific essay.
Many terms, exact and concise, almost no figurative devices.
2
Which of the two sentences about the Sun fits a scientific essay?
The second — it gives exact information without figurative sense.
3
Make a scientific-essay plan for “The water cycle”.
I. Intro: water reserves. II. 1) evaporation; 2) cloud formation; 3) precipitation. III. Conclusion.
4
Why is the conclusion important in a scientific essay?
Because the author’s thought drawn from the evidence completes the scientific logic.