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The simple sentence. Parts of the sentence
Textbook: p. 50
GoalIdentify the simple sentence and its parts (subject, predicate, adverbial, object, attribute).
New words
part of the sentence · gap bo‘lagisubject · egapredicate · kesimsecondary part · ikkinchi darajali bo‘lak
Explanation
A sentence with one fully formed predicate is a simple sentence. A simple sentence may have five kinds of parts: subject, predicate, adverbial modifier (hol), object and attribute. The subject and predicate are the backbone of the sentence — the main parts; the others are secondary parts. The subject and the hol attach to the predicate itself; the object depends on a part expressed by a verb, and the attribute explains any part expressed by a noun. To identify the parts, first find the predicate, then ask it questions such as who? what? when? where? how?
Worked examples
In “Kichkina bola bog‘da tez yugurdi”: bola — subject; yugurdi — predicate; kichkina — attribute; bog‘da, tez — hol.
In “Opam yangi kitobni ukamga berdi”: opam — subject; berdi — predicate; kitobni, ukamga — objects; yangi — attribute.
Class activity
Sentence building: the teacher gives a subject-predicate sentence; groups extend it with hol, objects and attributes.
Practice
1
Find the parts in “Quyosh tog‘ ortidan sekin chiqdi”.
Quyosh — subject; chiqdi — predicate; tog‘ ortidan, sekin — hol.
2
Name the main and secondary parts of the sentence.
Main: subject, predicate; secondary: hol, object, attribute.
3
To which part does an attribute attach and to which an object?
Attribute — a part expressed by a noun; object — a part expressed by a verb.
4
Why do we start finding sentence parts from the predicate?
Because the other parts are found by asking questions from the predicate, and the sentence is built around it.