☰ Contents · Uzbek language

Compound words, a classical text and a speech contest

Lessons 22–24 · 3 lessons · M. Qodirov, H. Ne’matov, M. Abduraimova, R. Sayfullayeva, B. Mengliyev. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 8, 4th edition. Cho‘lpon Publishing and Printing Creative House, Tashkent, 2019
22

Word combination, word union and compound word

Textbook: pp. 36–37
GoalDistinguish the word combination, the word union and the compound word.
New words
compound word · qo‘shma so‘zdictionary · lug‘atword union · so‘z qo‘shilmasipaired word · juft so‘z
Explanation

A word combination and a word union look like a compound word from outside, but they are not the same. Both the word combination (subordinate connection) and the word union (coordinate connection) are formed in the process of speech, as we build a sentence. A compound word, however, exists ready-made in the language, names a single concept and is therefore listed in dictionaries. Compound words are written solid (qo‘ziqorin, belbog‘) or separately (temir yo‘l, ko‘k choy); paired words like ota-ona are written with a hyphen. When in doubt about spelling, check the spelling dictionary. For example, “ko‘k choy” is the name of a kind of tea (a compound word), while “ko‘k osmon” is a combination made in speech.

Worked examples
“Temir yo‘l” (railway) is a compound word (in the dictionary, one notion); “temir eshik” (iron door) is a word combination (sum of meanings).
“Ota-ona” — a paired word (ready-made in the language, written with a hyphen); “ota va ona” — a word union (formed in speech).
Class activity

In pairs: one pupil says a compound word (e.g. temir yo‘l), the other makes a similar word combination (temir eshik) and explains the difference.

Practice
1
How does a compound word differ from a word combination?
2
Which is a compound word: “temir yo‘l” or “yangi yo‘l”?
3
Name the ways compound words are written, with examples; how is a paired word written?
4
Why do we check a compound word’s spelling in a dictionary?