63
Working with a text and dictionaries
Textbook: pp. 103–104
GoalWork with “wandering words” (loanwords) and a tale by Sayfi Saroyi.
New words
wandering word (loanword) · sayyor so‘zloanword · o‘zlashmajury · jyurijungle · jungli
Explanation
Words that pass from one language to another are wandering words, i.e. loanwords. A language takes words through historical contacts, trade, science and cultural exchange. For example, “jyuri” is French (a panel of judges), “jungli” has Hindi-English origin (a dense forest), “jelatin” is French (a jelly-like substance). The meaning of such words is checked in a dictionary and they are grouped by theme. The second text is a tale from Sayfi Saroyi’s Guliston bit-turkiy: two dervishes accused of spying are shut in one house; the strong one who ate a lot cannot bear hunger and dies, the one who ate little stays alive. The sage explains it as the result of habit.
Worked examples
Loanwords: jyuri (Fr.), jungli (Hindi-Eng.), jelatin (Fr.). Themes: contest, nature, food.
Moral: habit trains the body — one used to eating little endures hunger.
Class activity
Thematic groups: pupils sort loanwords into education, sport, technology, food.
Practice
1
What is a wandering word?
A word that passed from one language to another — a loanword.
2
From which language is “jyuri” and what does it denote?
From French; the panel of judges deciding the winner in a contest.
3
Why does a language take words from other languages?
Because of contacts, trade, science and culture, to express new notions.
4
Why did the strong dervish perish in the tale?
He was used to eating much and could not bear hunger.