23
Action verbs and state verbs
Textbook: pp. 38–39
GoalTell action verbs from state verbs.
New words
action verb · harakat fe’listate verb · holat fe’liphysical activity · jismoniy faoliyatinner feeling · ichki kechinma
Explanation
By what they name, verbs divide into action verbs and state verbs. Verbs of actions resulting from the physical activity of people and things are action verbs: chopdi (ran), yozdi (wrote), sug‘ordi (watered), gapirdi (spoke), tashladi (threw). Verbs expressing inner feelings of people and the process of things changing from one state to another are state verbs: qizardi (blushed/turned red), ulg‘aydi (grew up), sarg‘aydi (turned yellow), xursand bo‘ldi (became glad). To tell them apart ask: is someone doing a job (action) or getting into a condition (state)?
Worked examples
Action: Aziz kicked the ball. Mother watered the flowers.
State: The apple ripened. The girl became embarrassed. The leaves turned yellow.
Class activity
“Action or state?”: the teacher says a verb; children jump for an action and put a hand on the chest for a state.
Practice
1
Find the action verb: qizardi, chopdi, uxladi.
Chopdi (ran).
2
Sort the verbs into two groups: yozdi, ulg‘aydi, tashladi, sarg‘aydi.
Action: yozdi, tashladi. State: ulg‘aydi, sarg‘aydi.
3
Compose a sentence with one action verb and one state verb.
For example: Bola yugurdi va charchadi (The child ran and got tired).
4
Why is pishdi (ripened) a state verb?
It shows a thing passing from one state to another; nobody performs a job.