16
Root words and derived words
Textbook: p. 27
GoalTell root words from derived words.
New words
root word · tub so‘zderived word · yasama so‘zwords with a common stem · asosdosh so‘zlarderived stem · yasama asos
Explanation
Words whose structure cannot be divided into a stem and a word-building suffix are root words: tosh, temirga, quyoshimiz (they may contain only form-building suffixes). Words made by adding a word-building suffix to a stem are derived words: toshloq, temirchi, serquyosh. The part of a word without suffixes is its stem. Words sharing one stem are stem-mates: tashvishli, sertashvish, tashvishlanmoq (all from tashvish, worry).
Worked examples
Root: tosh (stone), quyoshimiz (our sun; quyosh + -imiz, only a form suffix).
Derived: temirchi (blacksmith), serquyosh (sunny), toshloq (stony place).
Class activity
“Root or derived?”: the teacher says a word; children sit for a root word and stand for a derived word.
Practice
1
Find the root word: bog‘bon, bog‘, bog‘li.
Bog‘ (garden).
2
Is temirchi a root or derived word? Why?
Derived: the word-building suffix -chi is added to the stem temir.
3
Is kitoblarga a root or derived word?
Root: it has only form-building suffixes (-lar, -ga).
4
Why are suvchi and suvli words of the same stem?
Both are made from the same stem (suv).