114
Fractions. Their formation and spelling
Textbook: p. 170
GoalRead and write fractional numerals.
New words
fractional numeral · kasr sonhalf · yarimquarter · chorak
Explanation
Numerals that express a part of a whole are fractional numerals. In a fraction, the part naming the whole stands in the ablative (-dan): o‘ndan bir (one tenth), uchdan ikki (two thirds), beshdan uch (three fifths). The denominator is read first, then the numerator: 3/5 — beshdan uch. 1/2 is ikkidan bir or yarim; 1/4 is to‘rtdan bir or chorak; 1/8 is sakkizdan bir or nimchorak. 1.5 is read bir butun o‘ndan besh or bir yarim. The parts of a fraction are written as separate words.
Worked examples
I gave half of the apple to my sister.
Three fifths of the class took part.
Class activity
“Part and whole”: fold a paper into a half, a quarter, three quarters and write each in words.
Practice
1
What does a fractional numeral show?
A part of a whole.
2
Read: 1/2, 1/4, 3/5.
Yarim (ikkidan bir); chorak (to‘rtdan bir); beshdan uch.
3
Write in words: 2/7, 1/10.
Yettidan ikki; o‘ndan bir.
4
Why is -dan used in fractions?
Because it shows a part taken from a whole: o‘ndan bir — one part out of ten.