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Incomplete verbs in past tense forms
Textbook: p. 90
GoalKnow and use the incomplete verbs (edi, emish, ekan).
New words
incomplete verb · to‘liqsiz fe’lwas · edireportedly is/was · emishturns out · ekan
Explanation
The verbs edi, emish, ekan are incomplete verbs. They come after the tense forms of a leading verb, and the person-number suffixes attach to the incomplete verb: kelgan ekansan (it turns out you came), kelgan edik (we had come), kelayotgan emishsan (you are reportedly coming). Edi gives a past meaning, emish a reported piece of news, and ekan something learned later or unexpected. These verbs also appear in short forms: edi — -di (borgandi), emish — -mish (borganmish), ekan — -kan (kelarkan). The short forms are written joined to the leading verb.
Worked examples
I was reading a book. It turns out he is ill.
Aziz has reportedly come. Borgandi (= had gone).
Class activity
“Three words”: children say one sentence with edi, emish, ekan in three meanings (U kelgan edi, U kelgan emish, U kelgan ekan).
Practice
1
Name the incomplete verbs.
Edi, emish, ekan.
2
Which expresses reported news: edi, emish, ekan?
emish
3
Attach the incomplete verb ekan to the leading verb kelgan, 2nd person.
kelgan ekansan.
4
Why is the person-number suffix attached to the incomplete verb in “kelgan ekansan”?
Because the incomplete verb is the final part of the predicate, so person-number suffixes attach to it.