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Synonyms. The head word of a synonymic row
Textbook: p. 112
GoalKnow synonyms, the synonymic row and the head word.
New words
synonymic row · sinonimik qatorhead word · bosh so‘zsynonym · ma’nodoshliterary form · adabiy shakl
Explanation
Two or more words with close meanings that express one common meaning are called synonyms. Synonyms gather to form a synonymic row: do‘st, o‘rtoq, oshna, jo‘ra (friend). The word in the row that is used most, is understood by everyone and fits the literary language is the head word; in this row it is do‘st. Synonyms differ slightly from each other: yuz (face) is neutral, chehra is elevated and positive, bashara is rude and negative. So we must be able to choose the synonym that best fits the sentence.
Worked examples
Katta, ulkan, bahaybat — head word: katta.
Chiroyli, go‘zal, xushro‘y — head word: chiroyli.
Class activity
Build a synonymic row: find at least three synonyms for «sevinmoq» and mark the head word.
Practice
1
What are synonyms?
Two or more words with close meanings that express one common meaning.
2
What kind of word is the head word?
One with a clear meaning, active in speech, literary.
3
Name two synonyms of «katta».
Ulkan, bahaybat.
4
How do «chehra» and «bashara» differ in meaning?
Chehra is positive and elevated; bashara shows a rude, negative attitude.