☰ Contents · Computing

Tools for formatting documents

Lessons 14 · 1 lessons · D.T. Kamaltdinova, D.M. Sayfurov. Informatics and Information Technology, Grade 5 (general editor F.M. Zakirova). “Nashriyot uyi Tasvir”, Tashkent, 2020
14

Tools for formatting documents

Textbook: pp. 51–54
GoalTell the three kinds of formatting apart (character, paragraph, document), change font and paragraph settings and save a document.
New words
formatting: changing how text looks · formatlashfont size, measured in points (pt) · shrift o‘lchami (punkt)alignment: left, centre, right or justified · tekislashtemplate: a ready-made page design · shablon
Explanation

Formatting a text means doing actions that change how it looks. There are three kinds: formatting characters (font), paragraphs and the whole document. Character formatting changes the typeface, size, colour and style (bold – Ctrl+B, italic – Ctrl+I, underline – Ctrl+U); these are in the Font group of the Home tab. Font size is measured in points: 1 point = 1/72 inch and 1 inch = 25.4 mm. Paragraph formatting sets alignment (left, centre, right, justified), line spacing, indentation and spacing between paragraphs. Document formatting includes page margins, orientation (portrait or landscape) and paper size. Before formatting, select the part with the mouse. Ready-made templates save time. Save often: File → Save (Ctrl+S) updates the document, while Save As gives it a new name or place.

Worked examples
We select the title and make it 20-point, bold and centred; the main text is 14-point and justified. Font is character formatting, alignment is paragraph formatting.
If a letter is set at 144 points, its size is 144 : 72 = 2 inches, about 5 cm (2 × 2.54 cm). That is why ordinary text uses 12–14 points.
Class activity

“One sentence – five looks”: pupils type one sentence and each pair formats it differently (size, colour, italics, alignment). The class picks the most readable version and says why.

Practice
1
Name the three kinds of formatting.
2
Which keys give bold, italic and underlined text?
3
How many inches is 72 points?
4
Why is it not good to write a long text entirely in capital letters?