The reasoning text and the link between text and sentence
Lessons 48–49 · 2 lessons · N.M. Mahmudov, A. Nurmonov, A.Sh. Sobirov. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 9, 4th edition. “Tasvir” Publishing House, Tashkent, 2019
49
Text and sentence
Textbook: pp. 97–98
GoalIdentify the means linking the sentences in a text.
New words
unity of theme · mavzu birligirepetition · takrorsynonym · ma’nodosh so‘zlinking means · bog‘lanish vositasi
Explanation
A text may contain both simple and composite sentences; what matters is that each sentence continues the thought of the one before. This link between sentences is expressed by visible language means. First, a pronoun (u, bu, shu) stands in place of a noun in the previous sentence. Second, an important word is repeated or replaced by a synonym. Third, conjunctions and introductory words (ammo, shuning uchun, demak, masalan) show the relation between sentences. Fourth, the order of sentences – the logical consistency of events or thoughts – also makes the text whole. All the sentences of a text are subordinate to one theme.
Worked examples
Quyosh chiqdi. U olamni nur bilan to‘ldirdi. (“U” stands for “quyosh” of the previous sentence; link by a pronoun.)
Kitob – bilim manbai. Demak, kitob o‘qigan kishi ko‘p biladi. Masalan, tarix kitoblari o‘tmishni tushuntiradi. (Demak, masalan – link by introductory words.)
Class activity
“Find the links”: groups find pronouns, repetitions, synonyms and conjunctions in a text and mark each in a different colour.
Practice
1
By what means are sentences in a text linked?
By pronouns, repetition or synonyms, conjunctions and introductory words, and logical order.
2
Find the linking means in “Bahor keldi. U dalalarni ko‘kartirdi”.
The pronoun “U” stands for “bahor” of the previous sentence.
3
Make a mini-text linking two sentences with “demak”.
For example: Yomg‘ir to‘xtamadi. Demak, sayr bo‘lmaydi.
4
Why must all sentences of a text be subordinate to one theme?
Because without unity of theme a pile of sentences is not a text.