45
Working with text and vocabulary
Textbook: pp. 88–89
GoalWork with a text and vocabulary: analyse a text with direct speech.
New words
wisdom, maxim · hikmatadvice · nasihatgood manners · odobidiom, expression · ibora
Explanation
In a text with direct speech we determine each piece of direct speech, who says it and which punctuation is used. If the text is a dialogue, the dash at the start of each line shows the change of speaker. The author’s words give information about the scene, the speaker’s state and voice: jilmayib dedi, ohista so‘radi. In vocabulary we work with new words: “hikmat” – a wise saying with deep meaning, “nasihat” – words urging toward the right path, “odob” – rules of good conduct, “ibora” – a fixed expression used as a ready unit. State the idea of the text and rewrite one direct-speech sentence in indirect form.
Worked examples
Mini-text: “Advice.” Grandfather said softly: «Nasihat – ko‘rsatilgan yo‘l, uni tinglagan adashmaydi». I asked: «Odob qanday o‘rganiladi?» Grandfather replied: «Kattalardan o‘rnak olib, kichiklarga mehribon bo‘l».
Analysis: the second sentence – M: «K?»; first and third – M: «K». Indirect: Men odob qanday o‘rganilishini so‘radim.
Class activity
“Reading aloud”: pupils read the text in roles (author, grandfather, grandson), matching intonation to the sentence type.
Practice
1
Find the interrogative direct speech in the mini-text.
«Odob qanday o‘rganiladi?»
2
Write the pattern of the second sentence.
M: «K?»
3
Make a sentence with “hikmat”.
For example: Maqol – xalq hikmatining ifodasi.
4
What is the idea of the text and how do you support it?
Listening to advice and following elders leads to good manners; the grandfather’s advice shows this.