24
Subordinate composite sentences with the word deb
Textbook: pp. 50–51
GoalIdentify clauses of purpose and reason linked with the word deb.
New words
the word deb · deb so‘zimeaning of purpose · maqsad ma’nosiimperative mood · buyruq maylipast tense · o‘tgan zamon
Explanation
A subordinate clause ending in “deb” tells for what purpose or for what reason the action of the main clause is done. The form of its predicate shows which: if the predicate is imperative-optative (-sin, -(a)y, -(a)yin), conditional or future, purpose is usually meant: “Kitob ho‘l bo‘lmasin deb, uni sumkaga solib qo‘ydim”. If the predicate is a past-tense verb, the meaning of reason is felt more: “Yomg‘ir yog‘di deb, sayr bekor qilindi”. “Deb” stands at the end of the subordinate clause, and when that clause comes before the main one, a comma follows it. So we analyse “deb” by the form of the predicate.
Worked examples
Purpose: Kechikmayin deb, erta yo‘lga chiqdik. (the predicate is the imperative-optative form “kechikmayin”)
Reason: Yomg‘ir yog‘di deb, sayr bekor qilindi. (the predicate is the past tense “yog‘di”)
Class activity
“Purpose or reason?”: the teacher says sentences with “deb” and pupils show “M” or “S” by the form of the predicate.
Practice
1
What kind of subordinate clauses does “deb” link?
Clauses of purpose or reason.
2
In “Daftar yo‘qolmasin deb, unga ismimni yozib qo‘ydim” (I wrote my name on the notebook so that it would not get lost), what does the subordinate clause mean?
Purpose: the predicate “yo‘qolmasin” is in the imperative-optative form.
3
In “Sovuq tushdi deb, gullarni yopib qo‘ydik” (we covered the flowers because frost had come), what does the clause mean?
Reason: the predicate is past tense (“tushdi”).
4
Why is a comma put after a “deb” clause that comes first?
Because a subordinate clause is separated from the main clause by a comma.